Shostakovich The 15 String Quartets (豆瓣)

又名: 贝多芬四重奏团演释肖斯塔科维奇弦乐四重奏
表演者: Beethoven Quartet / 德米特里·肖斯塔科维奇 Dmitri Shostakovich
流派: 古典
专辑类型: Box set
介质: Audio CD
发行时间: 2007
出版者: DOREMI
唱片数: 5
条形码: 0723721249755

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简介 · · · · · ·

　　以下是肖斯塔科维奇全部弦乐四重奏 (包括钢琴五重奏) 的首演日期，演出者以及首演地点：
　　2 Pieces for String (1924-25)，1927.1.9，Glière Quartet & Stradivari Quartet，Stanislavsky Art Theatre Mozart Hall, Moscow
　　Quartet No. 1 (1938)，1938.10.10，Glazunov Quartet，Leningrad
　　Piano Quintet Op.57 (1940)，1940.11.23，Dmitri Shostakovich (pf), Beethoven Quartet，Moscow Conservatory Malyi Hall [另行发布]
　　Quartet No.... (展开全部) 　　以下是肖斯塔科维奇全部弦乐四重奏 (包括钢琴五重奏) 的首演日期，演出者以及首演地点：
　　2 Pieces for String (1924-25)，1927.1.9，Glière Quartet & Stradivari Quartet，Stanislavsky Art Theatre Mozart Hall, Moscow
　　Quartet No. 1 (1938)，1938.10.10，Glazunov Quartet，Leningrad
　　Piano Quintet Op.57 (1940)，1940.11.23，Dmitri Shostakovich (pf), Beethoven Quartet，Moscow Conservatory Malyi Hall [另行发布]
　　Quartet No. 2 (1944)，1944.11.14，Beethoven Quartet，Leningrad Philharmonic Bolshoi Hall
　　Quartet No. 3 (1946)，1946.12.16，Beethoven Quartet，Moscow Conservatory Malyi Hall
　　Quartet No. 4 (1949)，1953.12.3，Beethoven Quartet，Moscow Conservatory Malyi Hall
　　Quartet No. 5 (1952)，1953.11.13，Beethoven Quartet，Moscow Conservatory Malyi Hall
　　Quartet No. 6 (1956)，1956.10.6，Beethoven Quartet，Leningrad Glinka Hall
　　Quartet No. 7 (1960)，1960.5.15，Beethoven Quartet，Leningrad Glinka Hall
　　Quartet No. 8 (1960)，1960.10.2，Beethoven Quartet，Leningrad Glinka Hall
　　Quartet No. 9 (1964)，1964.11.20，Beethoven Quartet，Moscow Conservatory Malyi Hall
　　Quartet No.10 (1964)，1964.11.20，Beethoven Quartet，Moscow Conservatory Malyi Hall
　　Quartet No.11 (1966)，1966.3.28，Beethoven Quartet，Leningrad Glinka Hall
　　Quartet No.12 (1968)，1968.9.14，Beethoven Quartet，Moscow Conservatory Malyi Hall
　　Quartet No.13 (1970)，1970.12.13，Beethoven Quartet，Leningrad Glinka Hall
　　Quartet No.14 (1973)，1973.11.12，Beethoven Quarte，Leningrad Glinka Hall
　　Quartet No.15 (1974)，1974.11.15，Taneyev Quartet，Leningrad Glinka Hall
　　以下英文介绍源自原版CD的Booklet ：
　　The string quartet has been, for most of the great composers, the ideal format in which to express their deepest personal feelings. This is particularly exemplified iu the string quartets of Dmitry Shostakovich who started writing string quartets when he was already a mature composer.
　　Of these works, all but the first and last were premiered by the Beethoven Quartet. Originally founded in 1923 under the name "The Moscow Conservatory Quartet", the ensemble changed its name in 1931 to "The Beethoven Quartet", shortly before it was awarded the rank of "Merited Ensemble of the USSR." The original members were Dimitry Tsyganov (1903-1992), Vassily Shirinsky (1901-1965) - violins. Sergei Shirinsky (brother ofVassily) (1905-1974) - cello ,md Vadim Borisovsky (1900-1972) - viola. They have been together as a quartet for 42 years (1)
　　Shostakovich held the group in the highest esteem, declaring, "it has played a most significant role in the flourishing of our chamber music. These enthusiastic, fervent advocates of Soviet chamber music have played in many cities of our country, passing on to people their love for this music. Their performance of my works gave me a great pleasure. The Beethoven Quartet plays all my chamber works and its members always bear in mind my suggestions, putting them into practice with great understanding and talent."
　　The Quartet's first violin, Dimitry Tsyganov, described their approach to preparing Shostakovich's string quartets for their premiere performances: "First [Shostakovich] would play his new work on the piano from the score. Then he would give us the parts and beg us not to begin playing without him. He needed rehearsals not in order to test his new opus, and still less to change any of its details. He needed them in order to make the performers grasp his idea of the actual sound of the music. Our interpretations were authorized by Dmitri Shostakovich." Their association began in 1938 when The Beethoven Quartet gave the Moscow premiere of the first string quartet on November 16, following its first performance in Leningrad given by the Glazunov Quartet on October 10. Shostakovich attended the Beethoven Quartet's last rehearsal and their fruitful collaboration was formed. He dedicated several of the quartets to the group and to its individual members.
　　In the recordings presented here, the first eight quartets are played by the original founding members. In the 9th and 10th quartets, Fedor Druzhinin is the violist, and from the 11th, Nicolai Zabavnikov is the 2nd violin. The 15th quartet has as its cellist Evgeny Altman.
　　The second quartet, dedicated to the composer Vissarion Shebalin, was composed six years after the first and was premiered along with his trio, on November 14, 1944. The third, dedicated to the members of the quartet, was completed in August 1946 and performed on December 16 in Moscow. The fourth quartet, like the Fourth Symphony, though written three years later, waited for its debut until 1953, following the death of Stalin. The fifth quartet, one of the most powerful compositious of its kind in twentieth century music, was composed in just 22 days in 1952 and was dedicated to the members of the Beethoven Quartet on the thirtieth anniversary of its founding. On the occasion, Shostakovich wrote to them: "Dear friends, please accept this modest gift as testimony of my admiration of your wonderful art, of my deep gratitude for your splendid performance of my works, and my great love for you."
　　The sixth quartet was written in three weeks in August 1956, at a time when Shostakovich was seriously ill. It was first performed in Leningrad in a concert held on the occasion of Shostakovich's fiftieth birthday on October 7, 1956. The Beethoven Quartet subsequently presented it in Moscow ten days later.
　　The seventh quartet, Shostakovich's shortest, was completed in March 1960, and dedicated to the memory of his first wife, Nina, who died in 1954. It debuted in Leningrad on May 16, 1960 and in Moscow on September 17. The eighth quartet, which turned out to be his most performed and most popular, was written in a mere three days (!) in June of 1960 in Dresden where he was writing music for the anti-fascist movie "Five Days, Five Nights". The deep impressions of the horrors of war and fascism are powerfully expressed in this work. Making use of a number of themes from his previous works (and others from Wagner and Tchaikovsky), this work in the "tragic" key of C minor was dedicated to the victims of fascism and war. Shostakovich regarded it as a sort of musical autobiography.
　　Although a ninth quartet was written in 1961, in an attack of self-criticism or perhaps depression, Shostakovich destroyed the score and did not return to the quartet form until May of 1964. He dedicated the new ninth quartet to his third wife, Irina.
　　The tenth quartet, dedicated to the composer Moisei Vainberg, was written during a visit to Armenia two months later, in just ten days. Both the ninth and the tenth quartets were premiered in Moscow on November 20, 1964, and in Leningrad on November 21 and 22.
　　The eleventh quartet of 1966 was dedicated to the memory of a founder member of the Beethoven Quartet, second violinist Vassily Shirinsl-y, and the twelfth honoured its leader Dimitry Tsiganov.
　　Of the thirteenth quartet, written in 1970 and dedicated to violist Vadim Borisovsky, Tsiganov wrote: "The musical conception of this piece continues the sequence of subjects, thoughts and feelings presented in Shostakovich's earlier works. I perceive the thirteenth quartet to be an inspired and sincere narrative dealing with people's lives, where even the most mournful pages lack hopelessness and despair and the author takes the audience into the bright world of lofty thoughts and pure feelings".
　　Shostakovich started working on the fourteenth quartet while on a visit to England in 1972, in the home of Benjamin Britten in Aldeburgh, completing it in Copenhagen the following year. In it, Shostakovich quotes a theme from his opera "Katerina Izmailova". It is dedicated to the Beethoven's Quartet's cellist Sergei Shirinsky. Of this work, Dmitry Kabalevsky wrote: "It is undoubtedly one of finest compositions written by Dmitry Shostakovich, with its extraordinary rich inner sense and surprisingly simple outer form. I hear and feel the highest harmonic unity of thought and feeling, of inspiration and mastery. The fact of the music being dedicated to a cellist was evidently the part of the artistic conception of the composer."
　　A selected group including violinist Oleg Kagan and cellist Natalia Gutman played the fifteenth Quartet, written in 1974, in Shostakovich's apartment. When rehearsing for the "official" premiere, cellist Sergey Shirinsky died, and the performance by the Beethoven Quartet was therefore cancelled. It was premiered instead by the Taneyev Quartet in Leningrad in November IS, 1974. The Beethoven quartet, with its new cellist Evgeny Altman (who is also the cellist on their recording of the 15th quartet) gave its first perfOlmance in Moscow in January II, 1975. This final quartet is a sort of requiem, not only for the former members of the Beethoven Quartet who had passed away, but also for Shostakovich himself. It concludes fittingly with a funeral march.
　　The playing of the Beethoven Quartet in these recordings is an example of chamber music making at its absolute best. The performances are gutsy, lyrical or turbulent in turn, as demanded by the score. These performances truly speak and only two other ensembles approach them in this repertoire, the Taneyev Quartet and the original Borodin Quartet.
　　To round off this set of recordings, we present two short pieces for double string quartet (op. II). Written in Shostakovich's student days, in 1924 and 1925, they are included here in a 1969 recording with the Beethoven Quartet (D. Tsiganov, N. Zabavnikov, F.Druzhinin, S. Shirinsky) joined by the Komitas Quartet (A. Gabrielyan, R. Davidyan. G. Talalyan and A. Georgian). [J.H.]